Reasons for the infertility

 If a couple of reproductive age group is unable to conceive after one year of regular intercourse , this couple is labelled as infertile . Both male and female partners are found equally responsible for the infertility. 


To conceive naturally, female partner should have atleast one patent functional tube, should have regular ovulation and normal receptive endometrial cavity and male partner should have normal semen parameters with no ejaculation defects . 

Whenever the couple visits any infertility specialist , investigations are started after one year of marriage normally , but earlier ie after 6 months , if the age of the female partner is more than 35 years. 

Investigations which are normally done -

1.Routine investigations which includes hemogram, RBS,ESR, LFT, RFT , Viral markers both male and female partners

2. Hormonal profile:TFT, S.Prolactin, FSH, LH, AMH etc (as indicated) in female partner and in male if semen parameters abnormal

3.USG pelvis transvaginal & abdominal on 2nd day of periods 

4.HSG: To check the patency of tubes ,done normally on 7th/8th day of periods 

5. Follicular study from 8th day of periods to find out the ovulation in normal as well as stimulated cycles

6.Semen analysis, at least twice, in male partner preferably after the abstinence of 3-4 days.

7. Special tests like diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy is done in female partner if indicated.


Depending upon the investigations , targeted treatment modality is decided.

But in a small percentage of patients, no reason for infertility is found, this type of infertility is known as unexplained infertility, which is the most difficult to treat . This type of infertility requires few special tests as decided by the specialist.

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